4.4.4 Chain of custody and product claims

Material certifications often depend on a chain-of-custody system. This records how a claimed material moves through processing, manufacturing, and trade. If an uncertified operator enters the chain, or if the required documentation is missing, the final product may no longer be eligible for the certification claim.

A scope certificate normally demonstrates that an organisation is approved to handle specified materials, processes or product categories. It does not necessarily prove that every product or shipment sold by that organisation is certified. Depending on the scheme, transaction certificates, traceability records or other product-specific documentation may also be required.

Brands should therefore verify:

  • the certificate holder and certification body;
  • certificate number, validity and current status;
  • activities, materials and product categories included in the scope;
  • chain-of-custody coverage;
  • documentation connecting the evidence to the actual order or product;
  • minimum content thresholds;
  • permitted claim wording and logo use;
  • the proportion of the collection or assortment covered.

Figure X. Certifications, labels and assurance schemes mapped to different evidence needs and scope of assessment.

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