1.3.2.5. Refurbishment and upcycling

When an item can no longer be resold as-is, its materials still hold value. A strong example is given by Eileen Fisher, which upcycles worn pieces into new designs, and Nudie turns unsalvageable denim into smaller products or recycles it into new yarn.

Doing this well depends on knowing what a garment is made of, exactly the material composition data a passport store, which lets sorters, upcyclers and recyclers identify the best recovery route quickly rather than guessing.

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